Arguably, the gap between the rich and poor continues to grow in South Africa. Despite commendable government efforts to combat poverty, there are still many citizens who are not working who live in abject poverty in South Africa. However, it appears as if many are ignorant of the fact that they can be able to shirk poverty by being self-reliant and be empowered to take charge of their lives. Usually, people in both urban and rural areas fail to use the natural resources they have at their disposal. However, it seems as if more formal approaches need to be implemented to raise awareness like using schools to raise awareness about issues of biodiversity and natural resources. \nThis article explores the findings of a case study from one school’s garden project. Situated in the Eastern Cape, South Africa, the school started a Garden for All Project (GAP) for environmental awareness although this ended up being a poverty alleviation project as well. Not only was the GAP successful in raising environmental awareness but the interdisciplinary, multidisciplinary nature of the project enabled the teachers to use life sciences in addressing various issues including poverty of the pupils. The pupils also became empowered to teach their parents and community about ways of combating looming poverty.

In this paper, we summarize characterizations of c-stratifiable\n(CS) spaces, kc-semi-stratifiable (KCS) spaces, and c-semi-stratifiable (CSS) spaces, their mapping properties and\ntheir relations to the other related spaces.

The main goal of this research is providing a model to explain the relationship between elements of management’s knowledge and organizational memory in private higher education of the country. The following research is correlated from the view point of the applied purpose and implementation method of measurement. Data collection instruments includes researcher’s questionnaire made of 33accents. Structural analysis of the research was confirmed as the formal validity and the reliability of the research tools used was obtained0.837 was obtained. Statistical Society of this research includes all non-faculty employees of the Islamic Azad university eight regions, who were selected on the basis of the cluster-random sampling and according to Morgan table, which included 378 people considering the whole size of the population.\nResults of regression testing has been demonstrated to provide a model, on the first place for the components which created opportunities to apply knowledge, on the second for the knowledge organization, on the third for knowledge creation and on the fourth place for components of knowledge collection and supply.

Rompant avec un long mutisme cinématographique concernant la fictionnalisation des attaques suicides, la sortie du film Paradis Now a été largement applaudie et récompensée. Comprendre les bombes humaines sans les justifier serait le message de son réalisateur. Néanmoins, il demeure un film problématique : certains Israéliens l’accusent d’avoir cherché à humaniser les kamikazes tout en négligeant les victimes ; des voix palestiniennes lui reprochent d’avoir brisé l’aura et l’héroïsme des opérations martyres.

This study examines the environmental attitudes of Turkish pre-service teachers of German as a foreign language using the German version of The Revised New Ecological Paradigm Scale (RNEP) (Dunlap, et al. 2000) and aims to compare New Ecological Paradigm (NEP) level of participants before and after a larger research project that uses documentary movies as a language teaching material. The comparisons were made according to demographic variables such as gender, age, education and language level when determining the NEP levels. A total of 170 pre-service German teachers (147 females, 23 males; age 17-32) contributed to the study. The findings from the present study indicate that environmental education is the most consistent factor in its relationship to levels of environmental concern, which was supported by the previous literature. The results suggests that trans-disciplinary environmental education is prior and necessary for individuals to increase their awareness and to develop abilities to reflect on their environmental responsibilities. The results of the present study also evidence that the use of environmental documentary movies have an important potential to foster environmental awareness of pre-service teachers.

This study demonstrates that the water deficit stress had a negative influence on the studied morphological and physiological traits. The results of this study gave some useful information of the studied cultivars regarding their response to the drought stress.

A total of 350-one-day old chicks were placed in 70 cages, 14 cages received one of the following five treatments for 14 days. T1 = positive control: unmediated diet (CONT); T2 = antibiotic (NEOX); T3 = probiotic (GALI); T4 = prebiotic (TECH) and T5 = probiotic and prebiotic (SYM). The results revealed that poor performance was consistent with broilers that received CONT (unmediated). GALI and TECH performed similar to the antibiotic (NEOX) and better than CONT or SYM. It can be concluded that GALI or TECH can serve as an alternative to antibiotic in broiler’s starter feed without sacrificing the performance. These products are safer for humans and there are no known side effects on human’s health.

The general opinion for the etiology of suicide is multifactorial. In most cases, genetic, biological, and psychosocial factors are likely to interact with each other. The aim of this study is to investigate the relation between seroprevalence of T. gondii on people who died by suicide.\n150 suicides and 150 autopsied sudden unexpected natural death, accidents or homicide victims serum were examined in terms of T. gondii IgG and IgM anticore. The seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii IgG, a significant difference was found when the suicides and the control group were compared. It is found that IgG positivity increases the risk of suicide 1.6 times. Seropositivity research needs to be carried out in the endemic regions of suicide and T. gondii in the world. Individuals with a history of suicidal death or attempt without having psychiatric health problems should be examined in terms of the risk factor associated with T. gondii.

This paper represents an experimental investigation of forced convection heat transfer for three dimension laminar steady flows in three-dimensional space as rectangle-shaped box made of plastic glass its dimensions (404530) cm with two parallel heated plates inside the box. The heated plates are electrical heaters and all the walls are thermally insulated. Two vents were made at the two vertical opposite walls, one for inlet and the other for outlet of air with equal dimensions (10) cm diameter. The experiments include a study of the effect of the velocity in an enclosure as well as the effect of the exit air hole position on the forced convection at selected values of power (Pt=211.87, 316.35 and 418.08) W. This experimental work includes two cases: First case: the air enters from the middle of the enclosure and exits from the top for Reynolds number ranges (538.65 ≤Re≤1128.15) for every power (Pt). The results show that the average Nusselt number increases with the power increase for an average Nusselt number range (196.78≥(Nu) ̅ ≥95.68 ). Also, the average Nusselt number increases with the increase of Reynolds number for all power range. Second case: the air enters from the middle of the enclosure and exits from the bottom for Reynolds number ranges (545.86≤Re≤1231.68) for every power. The results show that the average Nusselt number increases with the power increase for an average Nusselt number range(228.74≥(Nu) ̅ ≥107.21) . Also, the average Nusselt number increases with increase of Reynolds number for all power range, and the average Nusselt number is higher than the first case. From the experimental results of the two cases it show that the best case of the heat transfer is the second case, and the best convection heat transfer occurs at (Pt= 211.87 W).

Inactivation of rabies virus is essential for rabies vaccine preparation. The recommended current inactivant for rabies virus was β-Propiolactone (BPL) better than phenol and formalin, it is expensive and potentially carcinogenic. Data revealed that ascorbic acid (AA) along with cupric ions is capable of causing complete and irreversible inactivation of rabies virus without adversely affecting the antigenicity. Also, test vaccine potency prepared with elected inactivants were insignificantly comparable (P>0.05) and ED50 was higher than WHO recommendation limits. The use of Hemagel as a gelatin derivative / ans as plasma substitute for test vaccines stabilization was compared with the currently used vaccine stabilizers (Human albumin and lactose). Hemagel showed a better stability than the rest of stabilizers. Monitoring cellular and humoral immune responses indicated that both total IgG level against rabies vaccine, IFN and IL-5 were higher in case of Hemagel stabilized vaccines than H.alb and lactose stabilized vaccine candidates

In this study, the effect of Nigella Sativa, Vitamin C, E and Se on the levels of vitamins in the serum of N-methyl-N’-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (NMNNG) administrated rabbits were investigated. The rabbits were divided into three experimental groups and one control group,each of containing eight rabbits. N-methyl-N’-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidinehs was administrated to all rabbits at a dose of 20 mg/kg for five months. At the same time, Nigella Sativa suspension was given to group A, vitamin C and vitamin E+Se combination to group B as preventive material. Group C received only N-methyl-N’-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. Group D was control. The β-carıtene (µg/100 ml), retinol (µg/100 ml) and vitamin C (mg/100 ml) concentransions of serum samples of group A, B, C and D were;10.68±3.70, 8.18±1.92, 7.84±1.79, 5.81±1.33; 33.11±6.16, 46.83±10.76, 64.64±17.07, 57.70±6.74; 1.64±0.54, 1.84±0.22, 0.89±0.60, 1.51±0.53 respectively. After treatment Statistically significant differences between groups were oberued.\n There were differences among the serum vitamin concentrations in the groups treated with Nigella Sativa and vitamin combination compared to group C. These result suggest that, in the assessment of N-methyl-N’-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine damage on bowel mucosa, giving Nigella Sativa otr vitamin combinations ( vitamin B, C+ Se) might protect animals from the negative effect of N-methyl-N’-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine.

Toxoplasma gondii is an Apicomplexan protozoan. The definitive host is domestic and wild cats. It is an obligate intracellular cyst forming parasite of human and veterinary clinical relevance, able to disseminate into deep tissues and cross biological barriers reaching immunotarget sites as brain and retina. So the current study aimed to isolation of a specific immunodiagnostic antigen from native strain of Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoite to use it in early and accurate diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in sheep in Saudi Arabia. The isolation process is performed using Cyanogen-Bromide Sepharose-4B affinity column chromatography coupled with anti-toxoplasma tachyzoite antibodies. The isolated fraction will be characterized by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and its immunodiagnostic potentials will be evaluated on large scale using ELISA in which sheep serum samples are utilized. The potencies of the four isolated antigens (RHA, LA, LAunb and LAb) in the detection of T. gondii antibodies were LAunb showed the highest potentials (76.9%), The second potent antigen is LA which showed higher potentials (52.8%), RHA (47.2%), While LAb showed the least potency (35.6%) in the determination of T. gondii seroprevalence in sheeps. The present study is designed to isolate a specific immunodiagnostic antigen from native strain of T. gondii tachyzoite to use it in early and accurate diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in sheep in Saudi Arabia.

In this paper, we develop the formulation of the spin coherent state in real parameterization SU(4).we obtain Berry phase from Schrdinger equation. For vector states, basic kets are coherent states in real parameterization. Wecalculate Berry phase for qudit with spin S=3/2 in SU(3) group and Berry phase.

In XML keyword search, the main challenge is to achieve the relevant results to the query and proper ranking of query results. The keyword search approach for XML databases should effectively address 1) search intention of the user, 2) keyword ambiguity problems, 3) result grading problem. Based on the requirements, we propose a keyword search approach XDMA in which two indices are built and a keyword search technique using the indices is presented. Further, by incorporating the concept of dependence of indices and mutual measure, we propose mutual summation and subsequently, define the mutual score to determine desired T-typed node. Also, we propose a formula for similarity measure to find the exact data through the selected T-typed node. Furthermore, the query results having comparable relevance scores are graded. Extensive experimental evaluations have demonstrated the effectiveness of our proposed approach, XDMA.